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भारत सरकार | GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

रसायन एवं पेट्रो-रसायन विभाग

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICALS & PETROCHEMICALS
ChemIndia - Chemicals inventory of India


Petro-chemicals


SYNTHETIC FIBRES, also known as man-made fibres or synthetic textiles are engineered to have specific properties, making them suitable for various applications in the textile industry. They are designed to imitate or enhance the characteristics of natural fibres like cotton, silk, or wool, while offering distinct advantages. Key characteristics of SYNTHETIC FIBRES include:
• They are not derived from natural sources like plants or animals instead, they are created by polymerizing synthetic materials derived from petrochemicals or other raw materials.
• They can be engineered to have a wide range of properties, including strength, durability, elasticity, water resistance, and colourfastness allowing them to be tailored for specific uses.
• They exhibit resistance to chemicals, mildew, and insects, making them suitable for applications where natural fibres might be less durable.
• They are used in a variety of products, including clothing, home furnishings, industrial textiles, geotextiles, ropes, medical textiles, and more.
Examples of SYNTHETIC FIBRES include polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, rayon (Viscose) etc.

POLYMERS are composed of repeating units called monomers. These monomers are chemically bonded together in long chains or networks, to form large molecules. POLYMERS can be natural or synthetic and have a wide range of applications in various fields. Key features of POLYMERS include:
• These monomers can be identical or different, linked together through chemical bonds to create the polymer chain. Some POLYMERS can have thousands or even millions of monomer units in their structure.
• They have higher molecular weights being made up of repeating units, resulting in a larger mass for each molecule.
• They have diverse properties, such as flexibility, strength, elasticity, thermal resistance, and electrical conductivity, hence are chemical processed to form materials like plastics, SYNTHETIC FIBRES, and rubber.
• Being versatile they have applications in various industries, such as packaging, textiles, construction, electronics, automotive, healthcare, and more.
Examples of common synthetic POLYMERS include polyethylene (used in in plastic bags, bottles, and various packaging materials), polypropylene (found in automotive parts, textiles, and household items), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (used in pipes, electrical insulation, and Vinyl products), polystyrene (used in foam packaging and disposable utensils) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (used in beverage bottles and SYNTHETIC FIBRES (e.g., polyester).

Synthetic Rubber also known as elastomers, is a man-made material designed to imitate the properties and characteristics of natural rubber obtained from the latex sap of certain plants. Key characteristics of synthetic rubber include:
• It is produced by polymerizing various petrochemical-derived monomers, using either emulsion polymerization or solution polymerization.
• They can be engineered to have specific properties, such as elasticity, flexibility, durability, resistance to heat, chemicals, and weathering, making it suitable for diverse applications.
• It is used manufacturing of tires (largest application of synthetic rubber), gaskets, belts, hoses, rubber soles, in industrial goods such as conveyor belts, seals, and in consumer goods such as gloves, swimwear, and inflatable items etc. Examples of common synthetic rubber include styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), neoprene (chloroprene rubber), and nitrile rubber (NBR).

Synthetic Detergents, commonly known as detergents, are cleaning agents that are specifically formulated to remove dirt, stains, grease, and other contaminants from various surfaces. Unlike soap, which is produced via saponification of natural fats and oils, synthetic detergents are chemically synthesized compounds designed to provide effective cleaning. Key characteristics of synthetic detergents include:
• Their molecules allow detergents to break down and emulsify grease and oils, enabling them to be washed away with water.
• They are effective in both soft and hard water i.e., even in presence of calcium and magnesium ions, synthetic detergents do produce lather and maintain their cleaning efficiency.
• They are used in various cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, surface cleaners, shampoos, body washes, and more.
• They contain chemicals that may have environmental impacts, surfactant containing wastewater, if discharged into the environment, results in harming aquatic life, polluting the water and endangering human health. Therefore, there's a growing interest in developing environmentally friendly detergents.
Examples of common synthetic detergents include sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) (used in personal care products like shampoos, body washes, and toothpaste) cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) (used in fabric softeners, hair conditioners, and some industrial cleaners) linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) (used in laundry detergents and household cleaners).

PERFORMANCE PLASTICS, also known as engineering plastics or high-performance POLYMERS, offer advanced mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties and are specifically designed to withstand challenging conditions and provide enhanced performance compared to standard or commodity plastics. Key features of PERFORMANCE PLASTICS include:
• They can maintain their mechanical properties over a broad temperature range, from high-temperature applications to extremely low temperatures.
• They often have higher tensile strength, impact resistance, and toughness compared to standard plastics.
• They are resistant to various chemicals, acids, solvents, and corrosive substances, making them suitable for applications involving contact with aggressive environments.
• Some of them exhibit excellent electrical insulating properties and can be used in applications requiring high dielectric strength.
• They have low coefficients of thermal expansion and exhibit minimal creep, maintaining their shape and size even under stress and temperature changes.
• They can have self-lubricating properties, reducing wear and friction in moving parts.
• They have inherent flame-retardant properties, making them suitable for applications where fire safety is a concern.
• Despite their enhanced properties, they are often lighter than metals, making them useful in weight-sensitive applications.
Examples of PERFORMANCE PLASTICS include: polyether ether ketone (PEEK) (used in aerospace, medical implants, and industrial applications.) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) known as Teflon, PTFE (used in non-stick cookware, gaskets, and seals) polyimides (PI) (used in aerospace, electronics, and automotive applications) polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) used in automotive parts, electrical components, and industrial applications.

FIBRE INTERMEDIATES serve as precursors in the production of SYNTHETIC FIBRES. These intermediates are transformed into POLYMERS through various chemical processes, which are then spun into fibres for use in textiles, plastics, and other applications Fiber intermediates serve as precursors in the production of SYNTHETIC FIBRES. These intermediates are transformed into POLYMERS through various chemical processes, which are then spun into fibres for use in textiles, plastics, and other applications. Key points about FIBRE INTERMEDIATES include:
• They are the initial building blocks used to create the POLYMERS that form SYNTHETIC FIBRES which are then processed into fibres through spinning and other techniques.
• They may undergo chemical modifications to enhance their properties or adjust their characteristics for specific applications.
• Once they are transformed into POLYMERS and then fibres, can be further processed into textiles, garments, industrial materials, and other products.
Examples of FIBRE INTERMEDIATES and their corresponding SYNTHETIC FIBRES include: Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are combined to produce polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer used in textiles, bottles, and packaging. Adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine react to form nylon 6,6 polymer used in nylon fibres used in acrylonitrile and other monomers used in the production of acrylic fibres, which have applications in textiles, clothing, and outdoor fabrics. Caprolactam polymerized to create nylon 6 polymer, used in textiles and engineering plastics.

OLEFINS, also known as alkenes, are a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond in their molecular structure. They are an important group of organic compounds widely used in various industrial processes and applications. OLEFINS are commonly found in the production of plastics, POLYMERS, and other chemicals. Key characteristics of OLEFINS include:
• The defining feature of OLEFINS is the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in their chemical structure. This double bond gives them unique reactivity and properties.
• They are unsaturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have fewer hydrogen atoms in their structure compared to their saturated counterparts (alkanes).
• Due to the presence of the double bond, they readily undergo addition reactions, where atoms or groups of atoms are added to the double bond.
• They are crucial feedstock’s in the petrochemical industry, are obtained from the cracking of hydrocarbons in processes like steam cracking, which breaks down larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller olefin molecules.
• They serve as starting materials for the production of various POLYMERS, including polyethylene and polypropylene.
• They are used to produce a wide range of products, including plastics, synthetic rubber, solvents, detergents, and more.
Examples of OLEFINS include ethylene (simplest olefin), propylene (used in the production of plastics, synthetic rubber, and various chemicals), Butenes (used in the production of synthetic rubber, plastics, and fuels), hexenes and heptenes (as intermediates in the synthesis of chemicals and POLYMERS), octenes and nonenes (used in the production of detergents, lubricants, and specialty chemicals)

AROMATICS contain a specific type of cyclic structure called an aromatic ring or benzene ring which is stable and highly conjugated, having alternating single and double bonds. Key characteristics of aromatic compounds include:
• They are highly stable due to the resonance (delocalization) of electrons over the entire ring. This resonance leads to a distribution of electron density that helps stabilize the molecule.
• They exhibit distinct reactivity patterns i.e., they undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, where a hydrogen atom in the ring is replaced by another atom or group.
• They are used as starting materials in the production of many chemicals, including plastics, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and solvents.
Examples of AROMATICS include benzene (C6H6), simplest example which has a hexagonal ring with three alternating double bonds, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and various aromatic compounds found in essential oils and perfumes.

Major Petro-chemicals
A. Basic Major Petro-chemicals
Sl. No. Group Products
1 SYNTHETIC FIBRES

1. ACRYLIC FIBRE 2. POLYESTER STAPLE FIBREFILL 3. NYLON FILAMENT YARN 4. NYLON INDUSTRIAL YARN/TYRE CORD 5. POLYESTER FILAMENT YARN 6. POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRE 7. POLYPROPYLENE FILAMENT YARN 8. POLYPROPYLENE STAPLE FIBRE 9. POLYSTER INDUSTRIAL YARN

2 POLYMERS

1. LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LDPE) 2. HIGH DENSITY POLYTHYLENE 3. POLYSTYRENE 4. POLYPROPYLENE(INC.CO-POLYMER) 5. EXPANDABLE POLYESTYRENE 6. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE 7. LINEAR LOW DENSITY POLYTHYLENE 8. PVC COMPOUND

3 SYNTHETIC RUBBER (ELASTOMERS)

1. STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) 2. POLY BUTADIENE RUBBER (PBR) 3. NITRILE BUTADIENE RUBBER (NBR) 4. ETHYL PROPYLENE DIMERS (EPDM) 5. ETHYL VINYL ACETATE(EVA) 6. BUTYL RUBBER 7. TESTDATA

4 SYNTHETIC DETERGENT INTERMEDIATES

1. LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE (LAB) 2. ETHYLENE OXIDE (EO) 3. PARAQUAT DICHLORIDE 4. ALPHA-NAPHTHYLTHIOUREA 5. A-NAPHTHYLTHIOUREA

5 PERFORMANCE PLASTICS

1. NYLON-6 2. NYLON 6, 6, 3. POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE(PMMA) 4. STYRENE ACRYLONITRILE (SAN) RESIN 5. POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE(PTFE) 6. POLYESTER CHIPS/PET CHIPS 7. SODA

B. Intermediates
6 FIBRE INTERMEDIATES

1. ACRYLONITRILE 2. CAPROLACTUM 3. MONO EHYLENE GLYCOL (MEG) 4. DIMETHYL TEREPHTHALATE (DMT) 5. PURIFIED TEREPHTHALIC ACID (PTA) 6. PURIFIED TEREPHTHALIC ACID

C. Building Blocks
7 OLEFINS

1. ETHYLENE 2. PROPYLENE 3. BUTADIENE

8 AROMATICS

1. BENZENE 2. TOLUENE 3. PARA-XYLENE 4. MIXED-XYLENE 5. ORTHO-XYLENE

Other Petro-based Chemicals

1. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL 2. DIACETONE ALCOHOL 3. ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE 4. BUTANOL 5. OXO ALCOHOL 6. 2-ETHYL HEXANOL 7. VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER 8. EPICHLOHYDRINE 9. ISOBUTYLENE 10. METAXYLENE 11. METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 12. POLYBUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PBT) 13. PET 14. POLYISOBUTYLENE(PIB) 15. POLYCARBONATE 16. PROPYLENE OXIDE 17. PROPYLENE GLYCOL 18. POLYVINYL ACETATE (PVA) RESIN 19. UNSATURATED POLYSTER RESIN 20. METHYL METHACRYLATE 21. ISOBUTANOL 22. ETHYL BENZENE 23. C4-RAFFINATE 24. CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE 25. CELLULOSE ACETATE SHEET 26. CELLULOSE NITRATE SHEET 27. MELAMINE MOULDING POWDER 28. POLYACETAL RESIN 29. PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE 30. STYRENE 31. VINYL ACTATE MONOMER 32. ISOPROPANOL 33. POLYOL 34. BETONOL CHEMP 35. C4 PETROT 36. PARAXYLENE 37. LPG 38. PAINT THINNER 39. CALCIUM CARBONATE 40. ALL PURPOSE CLEANER 41. ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE (ABS) RESIN 42. LDPE(LOW DENSITY POLYTHELENE) 43. TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE 44. ION EXCHANGE RESIN 45. LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE SULFONIC ACID 46. TALL OIL FATTY ACID 47. METHYLENE CHLORIDE 48. PERCHLOROETHYLENE 49. 1-TETRADECENE 50. METHANOL 51. PQR 52. MNOP 53. CALCINATED PETROLEUM COKE 54. ACRYLATES 55. POLYPROPYLENE 56. DI-PROPYLENE GLYCOL 57. FLOCCULENT 58. HYDROXY PROPYL CELLULOSE 59. XYLENE (XYLOL) 60. N-PARAFFIN 61. KEROSENE 62. GEAR OIL ADDITIVE 63. BASE OIL 460 64. ACRYLIC AMPS COPOLYMER 65. POLYACRYLIC ACID 66. ACRYLIC ACID HOMOPLOLYMER 67. CARBOXYLATE SULFONATE COPOLYMER 68. PETROLEUM OIL 69. PETROLEUM DISTILLATES HYDROTREATED 70. MINERAL OIL 71. SODIUM XYLENESULFONATE 72. BASE OIL 32 73. NAPHTHENIC LUBRICANT, PETROLEUM DISTILLATE LIGHT 74. CYCLOHEXYLAMINE 75. ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE 76. POLYOXYETHYLENE (20) SORBITAN MONOOLEATE 77. EUGENOL 78. POLYETHYLENE-POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL 79. MOLYBDENUM DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHOSPHORODITHIOATE 80. BUTYL GLYCOL 81. PARAFFIN WAX 82. CHLORINATED PARAFFIN WAX 83. ETHYL ACRYLATE 84. BUTYL ACRYLATE 85. ACRYLIC ACID 86. CRUDE NAPHTHALENE 87. WHITE MASTERBATCH 88. SOLVENT DISPERSIONS 89. POLYCARBONATE COMPOUND 90. LUBE OIL PPD ( POUR POINT DEPRESSANT) 91. ETHYL ACETATE 92. HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE 93. BUTYL ACETATE 94. COLOR MASTERBATCH 95. ADDITIVE MASTERBATCH 96. MILASTOMER 7030BS 97. MILASTOMER A950B 98. THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE 99. PET FLAKE CHIPS 100. SPECIALITY POLYSTYRENE & COMPONDING(SPC) 101. EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE (XPS) 102. POLY VINYL CHLORIDE 103. CHLORINATED POLY VINYL CHLORIDE RESIN 104. POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 105. TRI-PROPYLENE GLYCOL 106. PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 107. DI-PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 108. DI-CHLORO PROPANE 109. DI CHLORO PROPANE 110. DI PROPYLENE GLYCOL 111. TRI PROPYLENE GLYCOL 112. NBR PVC BLEND (RUBBER COMPOUND, RUBBER MIX) - VINOPRENE 113. PVC NBR BLEND (RUBBER COMPOUND, RUBBER MIX) - VINOPLAST 114. MICRO SUSPENSION PVC 115. GLASS FIBER 116. PCR POLYCARBONATE 117. POLYCARBONATE RESIN 118. BLENDED ALCOHOL 119. DIOCTYL ADIPATE 120. POLY EHTYLENE GLYCOL PEG-600 121. ALPHA OLEFIN SULPHONATE SODIUM 122. SODA ASH 123. DI LAUROYL PEROXIDE 40 PERCENT SUSPENSION PASTE 124. BISPHENOLDIPHOSPHAT 125. TITANIUM DIOXIDE MB 126. TITANIUM DIOXIDE 127. SAN POLYMER 128. ABS POLYMER 129. ISOPHTHALIC ACID 130. COBALT ACETATE 131. ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE 132. PHOSPHORIC ACID 133. ABS POWDER 134. ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE 135. LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYOLEFINS 136. POLYMETHYL PENTENE 137. SELF-LUBRICATING SPECIAL ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE / HIGH SELF-LUBRICATING 138. CYCLIC OLEFIN COPOLYMER 139. ACID MODIFIED POLYOLEFIN 140. BUTENE ALPHA-OLEFIN COPOLYMER 141. ETHYLENE ALPHA-OLEFIN COPOLYMER 142. PROPYLENE ALPHA-OLEFIN COPOLYMER 143. THERMOPLASTIC VULCANIZATE TPV 144. ETHYLENE-VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMERS 145. METHOXYPROPYL ACETATE 146. TRIMETHYLOL PROPANE 147. SOLVENT NAPHTHA PETROLEUM LIGHT AROMATIC 148. POLYSTYRENE (HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE, GENERAL PURPOSE POLYSTYRENE) 149. FLAME RETARDANT 150. POLYESTER POLYOL 151. POLYMER POLYOL 152. POLYETHER POLYOL-MIXTURE 153. POLYETHER POLYOL-SUBSTANCE 154. POLYETHER POLYOL 155. ACRYLIC RESIN 156. CAST POLYURETHANE ELASTOMER 157. ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE SOLUTION 158. POLYETHYLENE FILM 159. POLYOLEFIN DISPERSION 160. POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE 161. POLYURETHANE DISPERSION 162. BLOWING AGENT 163. SOLVENT BASED MELAMINE RESIN 164. SOLVENT BASED SOLUTION OF POLYOLEFIN 165. THERMOPLASTIC OLEFIN COMPOUND TPO 166. CATIONIC BITUMEN EMULSION 167. PEROXYDICARBONATE 168. ALIPHATIC ISOCYANATE 169. METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE 170. METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE PURE 171. MDEA FF 172. ETHYLENE ALPHA-OLEFIN OLIGOMER 173. POLYPROPYLENE(INC. CO-POLYMER) 174. LINEAR LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE 175. HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE 176. PYROLYSIS GASOLINE 177. CARBON BLACK FEED STOCK 178. PROCESS OIL – NAPHTENIC OIL 22 179. METHYLENE DIPHENYL DIISOCYNATE 180. METHYL ETHYL KETONE 181. HYDROCARBON RESIN C5 182. ROSIN ESTER 95 - PROCOL 183. HEXANE 184. NAPHTHA PETROLEUM HYDROTREATED HEAVY 185. PARAFFIN OIL 186. ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE RUBBER 187. CYCLOHEXANONE 188. METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE GAS TREATING FORMULATION 189. METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE GAS TREATING FORMULATION 2 190. METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE GAS TREATING FORMULATION 3 191. POLYMER DISSOLVED IN REFINED MINERAL OIL 192. BRIGHT STOCK 193. BASE OIL 85 SN 194. POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRE - FIBREFILL 195. PARTIALLY ORIENTED YARN 196. POLYESTER INDUSTRIAL YARN 197. POLYESTER TEXTURISED YARN 198. POLYESTER TWISTED YARN 199. POLYESTER FILAMENT YARN - FULLY DRAWN YARN 200. ORTHOXYLENE 201. PETROLEUM DISTILLATES 202. LUBRICATING OILS (PETROLEUM), C15-C30, HYDROTREATED NEUTRAL OIL-BASED 203. 2 ETHYL HEXYL ACRYLATE 204. PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, HYDROTREATED MIDDLE 205. HYDROTREATED NAPHTHENIC OIL 206. LUBRICATING OILS (PETROLEUM), C15-30, HYDROTREATED NEUTRAL OIL-BASED 207. PETROLEUM DISTILLATE 208. DEAROMATISED HYDROCARBON FLUID 209. ALUMINIUM ROLLING OIL (LUBE OIL) 210. WET TEMPER FLUID (LUBE OIL) 211. HOT ROLLING OIL (LUBE OIL) 212. ROLLING OIL (LUBE OIL) 213. POLYPROPYLENE HOMOPOLYMER 214. PROPYLENE ELASTOMER 215. POLYOLEFIN COPOLYMER